Los robots de Hollywood son más poderosos, inteligentes y encantadores que los de la vida real. Quién no se enterneció con Wall-E, el robot que se enamora y le gustan los clásicos del jazz; con R2-D2, el popular “arturito” de Guerra de las Galaxias; o soltó una risa burlona con el nerviosismo exagerado del androide dorado C-3PO, (mencionado popularmente como “Citripio”), en la misma saga. Y nos mordimos las uñas cuando llegó a La Tierra el T-800, el de la serie de películas Terminator, probablemente la máquina más aterradora de la ciencia ficción.
Pero ninguno de ellos es real. En cambio, el Fanuc M-2000IA/2300, Roomba y Tradinno existen, trabajan todos los días en fábricas y hogares y están ayudando a los humanos a vivir mejor o a divertirse, sin asesinarlos ni sacarlos corriendo muertos de susto.
Aquí una breve comparación de algunos robots de la ciencia ficción con los del mundo real.
Los más fuertes
![](https://www.iartificial.cl/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/terminator-fanuc-1-1.png)
Hollywood: T-800. Este robot conseguiría ser el gobernador de California, bueno en realidad el actor que lo interpretó en la vida real: Arnold Schwarzenegger. Se trata de una máquina implacable con forma humanoide, esqueleto de titanio y tungsteno, revestido de tejido humano y programada para matar. Era capaz de pulverizar acero con sus dedos y sobrevivir a toda clase de ataques con armas de fuego y explosivos. Vino del futuro y su objetivo era destruir la raza humana.
Mundo real: Fanuc M-2000IA/2300. Capaz de levantar más de 2.300 kilos, este brazo robótico japonés es el más fuerte del mundo. Creado por la corporación Fanuc y lanzado al mercado en 2016, es utilizado para levantar objetos extremadamente pesados, desde, coches hasta calderos de fundición.
Los más costosos
![](https://www.iartificial.cl/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/robby-asimo-1-1.png)
Hollywood: Robby the Robot. El robot de la película Forbidden Planet (1956) ha sido la pieza de películas robóticas de Hollywood más costoso de la historia. Subastado por más 5,3 millones de dólares por la casa de subastas Bonhams de New York, es una cara bonita, pero no mucho más que eso.
Mundo real: Asimo. Con un costo de 2.5 millones de dólares, Asimo es el robot humanoide más costoso de la actualidad. Desarrollado por Honda, en Japón, es capaz incluso de bajar y subir escaleras, caminar en centros comerciales y estaciones de trenes. Si no le alcanza el dinero, puede rentarlo por “solo” 150 mil dólares mensuales. Honda anunció hace poco que no desarrollará más este androide, porque aparte de espectacular, no sirve para gran cosa.
Las más inteligentes
![](https://www.iartificial.cl/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/hal9000-fugaku-1-1.png)
Hollywood: HAL 9000, la temible super computadora de la película 2001: Odisea del espacio (1968), el clásico de la ciencia ficción dirigida por Stanley Kubrick, sobre una novela de Arthur Clarke. Una computadora programada heurísticamente con Inteligencia Artificial disponía de ojos (unos lentes) y oidos en toda la nave, conversaba en lenguaje natural, tomó el control de una nave espacial y trató de someter a la tripulación.
Vida real: Fugaku: la super computadora más potente del mundo, en el Centro de Ciencia Computacional de Japón, con velocidad de 442 petaflops. En la actualidad, sus más de 7 millones de núcleos se están empleando en investigaciones relacionadas con la COVID-19 y en investigaciones espaciales.
Los más pequeños
![](https://www.iartificial.cl/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/calle8-nanorobot_cangrejo-1-1.png)
Hollywood: Los robots de Milagro en la calle 8 (Batteries Not Included, el nombre original en inglés), de Steven Spielberg (1987). Tenían el tamaño de una hamburguesa y salvaron a un grupo de familias pobres amenazadas de desalojo.
Mundo real: El mini cangrejo. Desarrollado por Northwestern University estos robots son tan pequeños que no pueden verse a simple vista y se mueven gracias a una combinación de láseres y materiales capaces de alterar, y recuperar, su forma ante estímulos térmicos. Podrían ser los cirujanos del futuro.
Los más grandes
![](https://www.iartificial.cl/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/jaeger-tradinno-1-1.png)
Hollywood: The Jaegers. Aunque existe una verdadera polémica en la comunidad geek sobre los robots más grandes del cine (incluyendo cintas animadas) nos quedaremos con los Jaegers, exhibidos en la película Pacific Rim (2010). Y específicamente con Gypsi Danger de aproximadamente 80 metros.
Mundo real: Tradinno. ¿A quién lo gestan los dragones y los gigantes? Tradinno es las dos cosas, con un peso de 11 toneladas y con dimensiones de 15,5m x 3,80m x 4,50m (largo x ancho x alto). Se trata de un dragón lanzallamas robótico, utilizado en una feria tradicional alemana y ganador del récord Guinness (2014) al robot caminante más grande de la historia. Solo hace eso: lanza fuego, camina y ruge, mientras los habitantes y turistas de Furth im Wald, en Baviera beben cerveza.
Para el hogar
![](https://www.iartificial.cl/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/robotina-roomba-1-1.png)
Televisión: Robotina, inolvidable personaje de Los Supersónicos (Jetsons, su nombre original) creada por William Hanna y Joseph Barbera, vive en el recuerdo de todo aquel con edad superior a los 40 años. Efectiva y diligente, esta asistente para el hogar limpiaba y cocinaba de maravilla.
Mundo real: Roomba. La aspiradora robótica que también trabaja limpiando casas. Fabricada por la compañía iRobot, ya está disponible en Colombia y se vende por montones. Basta colocarla en el piso y sentarse cómodamente en el sofá a ver Netflix, y ella se encarga de dejar pisos y alfombras relucientes y limpios, sin estropear las patas de los muebles, gracias a sus sensores y su Inteligencia Artificial.
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